【逐句精讲YouTube影片学英文】精读雷·达里奥 Ray Dalio《成功原则 Principles for Success》
在学习英文的同时提升思维力和人生策略。
本期内容带你逐句精讲雷·达里奥的经典作品《Principles for Success》（成功原则）30分钟精华版，帮你掌握实用英文词汇、语法结构和地道英文表达方式。
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Principles For Success. An ultra mini-series adventure in 30 minutes, and in eight episodes.
《成功原则》——一个超精炼的迷你系列冒险之旅，30 分钟带你走完 8 集内容。
🔍 词汇解析：
- prin·ciple /ˈprɪnsəp(ə)l/：a law, a rule or a theory that sth is based on 法则；原则；原理
例：There are three fundamental principles of teamwork. 团队合作有三个基本原则。
- For Success：为了成功。这里是一个 介词短语，修饰前面的 "Principles"，表示这些原则的目标或用途是 “为了成功”。
📘 语法提示：Principles For Success, 这是一个简洁有力的名词短语标题，没有动词，常见于书名、标题、视频名等。
- An ultra mini-series：
- ultra /ˈʌltrə/：很，非常
- mini-series：迷你剧、小型系列节目
👉 An ultra mini-series 整体意思是 “一个非常短小精悍的系列节目”
- ad·ven·ture /ədˈventʃər/：冒险、旅程。这里比喻为一段 “引人入胜的探索之旅”
- in 30 minutes：在30分钟内
- in eight episodes：共8集
Episode one, The Call to Adventure.
第一集：冒险的召唤
🔍 词汇解析：
- epi·sode /ˈepɪsoʊd/：集，回（常用于电视剧、播客、系列视频等）
- one：第一集英文中常见表达：Episode 1 / Episode One
- call：呼唤，召唤（这里不是“打电话”的意思）
📚 文化补充：
- 在许多故事结构中（尤其是神话或成长故事），“Call to Adventure” 表示一个角色面临改变人生的机会或挑战，是整个旅程的开始。
Before we begin, let me just establish the fact that I don't know much relative to what I need to know.
在我们开始之前，让我先说明一件事：相对于我需要知道的，我知道的还很少。
🔍 词汇解析：
- establish the fact that...：阐明一个事实......
- es·tab·lish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/：建立、确立，这里指 “明确地说明”
- relative to...：相对于……
- what I need to know：我需要知道的（东西）
Whatever success I've had in life has more to do with my knowing how to deal with my not knowing than anything I know.
无论我这一生取得了怎样的成功，更多地是因为我知道如何应对自己的无知，而不是因为我知道了什么。
🔍 词汇解析：
- has/have more to do with...：与……有更大关系
👉 have to do with 是一个固定搭配，表示 “与……有关”
例：What does it have to do with you? 与你何干?
- my knowing：我知道……（这里是动名词短语作名词用，表示 “我知道如何……”）
- how to deal with...：如何应对……
- my not knowing：我不知道的部分（同样是动名词结构，表示 “我不懂的事情”）
- than anything I know：这是一个比较句，与前面的 “has more to do with…” 搭配，构成完整比较结构。
That I should be telling other people what to do sounds kind of presumptuous to me, but I'm going to do it, because I believe that the principles that have made me successful could help others achieve their own goals.
让我去告诉别人该做什么，这听起来对我来说有点自以为是，但我还是打算这么做，因为我相信那些让我成功的原则，也可以帮助别人实现自己的目标。
🔍 结构解析：
- That I should be telling other people what to do：
- That 引导一个 主语从句，整个从句是句子的主语。
- I should be telling：我应该去告诉（should be doing 应该正在做某事：表示当前应该正在进行某项任务或活动。）
- other people what to do：告诉别人该做什么（what to do 是一个宾语从句，表示 “该做什么”）
- sounds kind of presumptuous to me：
- sounds：听起来
- kind of：有点儿（口语中经常省略成 kinda /ˈkaɪndə/）
- pre·sump·tu·ous /prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs/：too confident, in a way that shows a lack of respect for other people 自负的；冒昧的；放肆的
- achieve their own goals：实现他们自己的目标
I'm now at a stage in my own life: in which it is much more important to me to pass along what I've learned about how to be successful than to seek more success for myself.
我现在处在人生的一个阶段：与其继续追求个人的成功，我更看重的是把我关于如何获得成功的经验传授给他人。
🔍 词汇解析：
- in which：关系副词，指代前面的 “a stage”，引导定语从句
- pass along：传递（知识、经验等）= share / pass on
- what I've learned：我所学到的东西
- about how to be successful：关于如何成功的内容
- seek more success：追寻更多成功
What you choose to do with these principles is up to you. You have to be an independent thinker, because only you can develop your own principles based on your own values.
你如何运用这些原则，取决于你自己。你必须成为一个独立思考者，因为只有你能基于自己的价值观，制定出属于你自己的原则。
🔍 词汇解析：
- is up to you：取决于你，由你决定
👉 be up to someone 是固定表达，表示 “由某人决定”。 - an independent thinker：一个独立的思考者
- based on your own values：基于你自己的价值观
👉 based on 是常用短语，表示“以……为基础”。
This brings me to my first and most fundamental principle, which is that you need to think for yourself about what is true.
这让我引出了我第一个也是最根本的原则：你需要自己独立思考什么是真实的。
🔍 词汇解析：
- This brings me to...：这让我进入到……（常用于演讲或写作中引出新主题）
- my first and most fundamental principle：我第一个且最根本的原则
- fun·da·men·tal /ˌfʌndəˈment(ə)l/：forming the necessary basis of sth 基础的；根本的
- think for yourself：独立思考，自己判断
So let's get started. Early on, I discovered I needed principles. Principles are smart ways for handling things that happen over and over again in similar situations.
好了，那我们开始吧。在早期，我就发现我需要一些原则。原则是在类似情境中一再发生的问题中，用来应对的聪明方法。
🔍 词汇解析：
- early on：在早期，一开始
- smart ways：聪明的方法
- for handling things：用于处理事情
- happen over and over again：一再发生
- in similar situations：在类似的情境中
There are principles for everything, from skiing to parenting to cooking, and so on.
世间万事万物都有其原则，从滑雪、育儿到烹饪，等等。
🔍 词汇解析：
- from skiing to parenting to cooking：从滑雪到育儿再到烹饪
- and so on：等等，诸如此类（表示还可以继续列举）
I'm going to share some of my most important, overarching, life principles that influence how we approach everything that we do.
我将分享一些我最重要、最具有统领性的人生原则，它们影响着我们如何面对生活中的每一件事。
🔍 词汇解析：
- over·arch·ing /ˌoʊvərˈɑːrtʃɪŋ/ very important, because it includes or influences many things 非常重要的；概莫能外的；总体性的，统领一切的（这是一个高级词，表示影响范围广）
- life principles：人生原则
- ap·proach /əˈproʊtʃ/ to start dealing with a problem, task, etc. in a particular way 着手处理；对付
I didn't start out with principles. I acquired them over a lifetime of experiences. Mostly, from making mistakes and reflecting on them.
一开始并没有原则。我是通过一生的经历慢慢获得这些原则的，大多是通过犯错并从中反思得来的。
🔍 词汇解析：
- start out：开始（人生或某段经历）
- ac·quire /əˈkwaɪər/：获得，习得（正式表达，常用于“习惯、技能、知识”的获得）
- over a lifetime of experiences：在一生的经历中
👉 over：这里表示 “贯穿”（表示持续过程） - reflect on：反思，认真思考（某件事情）
My life principles are simple, but they're not complete. I still struggle to make the best decisions, and I still make mistakes and learn new principles all the time.
我的人生原则很简单，但还不算完善。我仍在努力做出最好的决定，也依然会犯错，并不断学到新的原则。
🔍 词汇解析：
- still struggle to...：做某事仍然有困难
- make the best decisions：做出最好的决定
- make mistakes：犯错
- all the time：一直，经常（这里表示持续的状态）
This is the reality. At the beginning, I needed to escape the conventions that surrounded me, which meant that I needed to think for myself.
这就是现实。一开始，我需要摆脱包围着我的传统观念，这就意味着我必须学会独立思考。
🔍 词汇解析：
- This is the reality：这就是现实
- at the beginning：一开始，起初
- es·cape /ɪˈskeɪp/：逃离、摆脱
- con·ven·tion /kənˈvenʃ(ə)n/：the way in which sth is done that most people in a society expect and consider to be polite or the right way to do it 习俗；常规；惯例
- that surrounded me：包围着我的，在我的周围
- which meant that...：这就意味着……（“which” 引导非限定性定语从句，解释整个前句）
- think for myself：独立思考，为自己做决定
Unless you want to have a life that is directed by others, you need to decide for yourself what to do, and you need to have the courage to do it.
除非你愿意过一种由别人主导的人生，否则你就必须自己决定该做什么，并且要有勇气去做。
🔍 词汇解析：
- have a life that is directed by others：过一种由他人操控的人生
👉 directed by others：被他人引导、控制（被动语态） - decide for yourself：自己做决定，自己拿主意
- have the courage to do it：有勇气去做这件事
But I didn't know that at first. I only learned that from going on my adventure.
但起初我并不知道这一点。我是通过自己的冒险经历才了解到的。
🔍 词汇解析：
- at first：起初，一开始
- from going on my adventure：通过踏上我的冒险之旅
👉 go on an adventure：出发去冒险，这里隐喻 “人生的探索、试错与成长”
Looking back on my own journey, I now see that time is like a river that carries us forward into encounters with reality that require us to make decisions.
回顾自己的人生历程，如今我明白了时间就像一条河流，引领我们不断向前，与现实相遇，并促使我们做出抉择。
🔍 词汇解析：
- looking back on...：回顾……，省略主语 “I am”，是一种典型的现在分词短语作状语
- my own journey：我自己的人生旅程
- time is like a river：比喻句，把时间比作一条河
- carry us forward：把我们向前带（河流推动人前进）
- into encounters with reality：进入与现实的遭遇
👉 en·coun·ter /ɪnˈkaʊntər/ a meeting, especially one that is sudden, unexpected or violent（意外、突然或暴力的）相遇，邂逅，遭遇，冲突 - require us to make decisions：要求我们做出决定
👉 require sb to do sth：要求某人做某事
We can't stop our movement down this river, and we can't avoid the encounters.
我们无法停止顺流而下，也无法避免现实的遭遇。
🔍 词汇解析：
- can't stop our movement down this river：无法停止我们在这条“河流”上的前行
👉 这里延续前文 “time is like a river” 的比喻，river 代表 “时间” - movement down this river：顺流而行
- avoid the encounters：避免遭遇（现实中的挑战、选择等）
We can only approach them in the best possible way. In your lifetime, you will face millions of decisions. The quality of your decisions will determine the quality of your life.
我们只能以尽可能最好的方式去面对它们。在你的一生中，你将会面对无数次抉择。你做决定的质量，将决定你的人生质量。
🔍 词汇解析：
- in the best possible way：以尽可能最好的方式
- de·ter·mine /dɪˈtɜːrmɪn/ to make sth happen in a particular way or be of a particular type 决定；形成；支配；影响
Over the course of my lifetime, the most valuable things I've learned were the results of mistakes I reflected on to help form principles, so I wouldn't make the same mistakes again.
在我的一生中，我所学到的最有价值的东西，都是来自于我对错误的反思，这些反思帮助我建立了做事原则，以便我不再犯同样的错误。
🔍 词汇解析：
- over the course of...：在……期间，常用于描述时间跨度
- my lifetime：我的一生
- the most valuable things：最有价值的东西（things 复数，泛指 “经验、教训、知识”等）
- I've learned = I have learned：现在完成时，表示 “到目前为止学到的”
- be the results of...：是……的结果
- mistakes I reflected on：我反思过的错误
👉 这是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句：mistakes (that) I reflected on
These principles took me from being a very ordinary middle class kid from Long Island to becoming very successful as judged by conventional measures.
这些原则让我从一个来自长岛、非常普通的中产阶级孩子，成长为一个在传统标准下被认为非常成功的人。
🔍 词汇解析：
- took me from… to…：让我从……变成……
- a very ordinary middle class kid：一个非常普通的中产阶级孩子
- or·din·ary /ˈɔːrd(ə)neri/：普通的，平凡的
- middle class：中产阶级
- from Long Island：来自纽约长岛（美国中产阶级常见地域标签）
- to becoming very successful：变得非常成功（注意这里用 becoming 而非 become，因为前面是 from… to… 的结构，from, to 介词后要用名词或动名词）
- as judged by…：根据……的评判标准
- conventional measures：传统的衡量标准（如财富、职位、地位等）
They also gave me the meaningful work and meaningful relationships that I value even more than these conventional successes.
它们还带给我有意义的工作和人际关系，这些，是我比传统意义上的成功还要珍视的。
🔍 词汇解析：
- conventional successes：传统意义上的成功（如财富、地位等）
People often ask me how I did it. I can assure you it wasn't because of my uniqueness as a person. It was the result of a unique approach to life I believe almost anybody can adopt.
人们经常问我，我是怎么做到的。我可以向你保证，这并不是因为我这个人特别。
而是得益于我对人生的一种独特的看法和方式，而这种方式，我相信几乎任何人都可以采纳。
🔍 词汇解析：
- my uniqueness as a person：我这个人有多特别、独一无二
- uniqueness /juˈniːknəs/：独特性；独一无二；
- as a person：作为一个人，用于强调“不是性格或天赋导致成功”
- It was the result of...：这是……的结果
- a unique approach to life：一种独特的生活态度
- approach：a way of doing or thinking about sth such as a problem or a task（待人接物或思考问题的）方式，方法，态度
- almost anybody can adopt：几乎任何人都能采用
- adopt /əˈdɑːpt/：采纳、采用、接纳（某种做法、观点等）
📚 语法知识：
- I believe almost anybody can adopt 这是一个定语从句，修饰前面的 a unique approach to life.
- 完整为→ a unique approach to life (that) I believe almost anybody can adopt. 其中 that 被省略。
It starts with embracing reality and dealing with it. The path you take in life is your most important decision.
一切始于拥抱现实，并勇敢面对它。你在人生中所走的道路，是你最重要的决定。
🔍 词汇解析：
- It starts with...：一切开始于……
- embracing reality：拥抱现实，接受现实
- em·brace /ɪmˈbreɪs/ 这里不是 “拥抱” 某人，而是 “坦然接受（某个事实、处境）”
- dealing with it：应对现实，处理它
In my case, I wanted my life to be great, and I feared boredom and mediocrity more than I feared failure.
就我而言，我希望自己的人生是精彩而伟大的， 我比害怕失败更害怕无聊和平庸。
🔍 词汇解析：
- In my case：就我而言，在我身上，如同我个案
- bore·dom /ˈbɔːrdəm/：无聊
- me·di·oc·rity /ˌmiːdiˈɑːkrəti/：平庸、普通
Since I didn't start out with money, and I didn't need much more than a bed to sleep in and food to eat, I could skew my decisions to pursue my adventures.
由于我起初并没有钱，而且我所需要的无非是一个睡觉的床和能吃的食物，所以我可以偏向于做出那些能追求冒险的决定。
🔍 词汇解析：
- a bed to sleep in：一个睡觉的床
- food to eat：能吃的食物
- skew one's decisions：使决策倾向于……
👉 skew /skjuː/ 使倾斜、偏向
例：She skewed her schedule to prioritize family. 她调整了日程以优先考虑家庭。
- pursue /pərˈsuː/：追求，追逐
So ever since I was a kid, I ran after the things I wanted, crashed, got up and ran again, and crashed again, and each time I crashed, I learned something, got better, and crashed less.
所以从我小时候起，我就追逐自己想要的东西，摔倒了，再爬起来继续奔跑，又摔倒。每次摔倒，我都会学到些东西，变得更好，摔倒的次数也越来越少。
🔍 词汇解析：
- ever since I was a kid：从我还是个孩子的时候起
- run after...：追逐，追赶
例：He ran after fame and fortune. 他追逐名利。
- crash /kræʃ/：通常表示 “撞毁、坠毁”，在这里比喻 “失败、跌倒”
- get up：直译为“站起来”，引申为 “从失败中恢复”
By doing that over and over again, I learned to love this process, even the crashing part of it.
通过一遍又一遍地这样做，我学会了热爱这个过程，甚至爱上了其中摔倒的部分。
🔍 词汇解析：
- by doing that：通过那样做
👉 by + 动名词：表示 “通过……方式”
例：By practicing daily, she improved quickly. 通过每天练习，她进步很快。
- over and over again：一遍又一遍，反复地
- even the crashing part of it：甚至是其中“摔倒”的部分
Through it, I encountered reality, and I learned how to deal with it, which inspired another one of my most fundamental principles which is that truth is the essential foundation for producing good outcomes.
通过这个过程，我直面了现实，并学会了如何应对它，而这一点也启发了我另一个最根本的原则：真相是创造良好结果的根本基础。
🔍 词汇解析：
- which 指代前面“学会如何面对现实”这件事
- inspired /ɪnˈspaɪərd/：激发，引起灵感
- fundamental principles：根本原则，核心信念
- essential foundation：基本的、不可缺的基础
- produce good outcomes：产生好结果
By truth, I don't mean anything more than the way the world works. I believe that we were given the laws of reality by nature.
我所说的“真相”，只不过是指世界运行的方式。我相信，大自然赋予了我们现实运行的法则。
🔍 词汇解析：
- by truth：我所说的 “真相”
👉 by... 引导解释说明，表示 “就……而言”、“我所指的是……”
例：By success, I mean personal fulfillment. 我说的成功，是指个人的满足。
- I don't mean anything more than...：我不过是指……而已
👉 否定句中 not anything more than... 相当于 “仅仅是、不过是” - the way the world works：世界运作的方式，指的是自然规律、因果逻辑、现实机制
- the laws of reality：现实的法则
👉 law /lɔː/：the fact that sth always happens in the same way in an activity or in nature 规律；法则；原理
Humans didn't create them, but we can use them to foster our own evolution and achieve our goals.
人类并没有创造这些法则，但我们可以利用它们来促进自身的进化，并实现我们的目标。
🔍 词汇解析：
- foster /ˈfɑːstər/：促进，培育，培养
- evolution /ˌevəˈluːʃən/：进化，演变，不仅限于生物进化，也可泛指人的成长与发展
Realizing that made me a hyper-realist, by which I mean I became someone who has discovered the great rewards of deeply understanding, accepting, and working with reality as it is, and not as I wish it would be.
意识到这一点，使我成为了一名 “超级现实主义者”。我的意思是，我变成了一个发现了深入理解、接受并与现实合作所带来的巨大回报的人，而不是沉溺于自己所希望的现实中。
🔍 词汇解析：
- hyper-realist：超级现实主义者
👉 hyper-：前缀，意思是 “超越、极度”；realist：现实主义者，强调接受事实、不幻想的人 - the great rewards of...：……所带来的巨大回报
例：the rewards of discipline 自律的回报
- as it is：它本来的样子，如其所是
- not as I wish it would be：不是如我所希望的那样
When I say I'm a hyper-realist, people sometimes think I'm saying that dreams can't come true. That's absolutely not true. Without pursuing dreams, life is mundane.
当我说自己是个超级现实主义者时，有些人会以为我是说梦想无法成真。这完全不是我的意思。如果不去追逐梦想，生活就会变得平淡无奇。
🔍 词汇解析：
- dreams can't come true：梦想无法成真
- That's absolutely not true：这完全不是事实
- mundane /ˈmʌndeɪn/：平凡的、无趣的、缺乏刺激的
例：a mundane routine 枯燥的日常
What I mean is that, to me, hyper-realism is the best way to choose one's dreams and then achieve them.
我的意思是：对我来说，超级现实主义是选择梦想并最终实现它们的最佳方式。
🔍 词汇解析：
- What I mean is that...：我的意思是……
👉 这是一个常用句型，用于解释或澄清刚才说过的话。 - hyper-realism：超级现实主义，即：高度认清现实本质，接受并利用它，而不是逃避或幻想
- is the best way to...：是……的最佳方式
Having big dreams, plus embracing reality, plus having lots of determination will bring you a successful life.
拥有远大的梦想、拥抱现实、再加上坚定的决心，这三者结合起来，会带给你成功的人生。
🔍 词汇解析：
- having big dreams：拥有远大的梦想
- plus：在这里是口语化连接词，等于 “+”，“加上”
- embracing reality：接受现实
- having lots of determination：拥有大量的决心
👉 de·ter·min·ation /dɪˌtɜːrmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/ the quality that makes you continue trying to do sth even when this is difficult 决心；果断；坚定
I believe this formula is true for everyone. But what does a successful life look like?
我相信这个公式对每个人都适用。但，什么才算是成功的人生呢？
🔍 词汇解析：
- for·mula /ˈfɔːrmjələ/ 公式，指的是前面那一整句的 “成功三要素”
- what does... look like?：……看起来是什么样子？
👉这是一个极常用的句型结构，用于询问 “......具体表现形态”
例：What does happiness look like to you? 对你而言，幸福是什么样子？
We each have to decide for ourselves what success is.
我们每个人都必须自己决定，什么才是成功。
🔍 词汇解析：
- We each：我们每一个人，是一个常用结构，等于 “Each of us”
I don't care whether you want to be a master of the universe or to live under a palm tree, or anything else. I really don't.
我不在乎你是想成为世界的主宰，还是想躺在棕榈树下过日子，或是别的什么。我真的不在乎。
🔍 词汇解析：
- a master of the universe：宇宙的主宰，这是一种夸张表达，代指 “权力、金钱、影响力的巅峰”
- live under a palm tree：在棕榈树下生活，暗示一种热带海滩、慵懒、悠闲、无欲无求的生活
Each of us chooses goals based on our values and decides on the best path to achieve them.
我们每个人都会根据自己的价值观选择目标，并决定实现目标的最佳路径。
🔍 词汇解析：
- based on our values：基于我们的价值观
- decide on sth：决定某事
- the best path：最合适的路径
But we all need approaches to making decisions that work well, especially when facing problems, mistakes, and weaknesses that stand in our way.
但是我们所有人都需要有效的决策方法，特别是在面对阻碍我们前进的问题、错误和弱点时。
🔍 词汇解析：
- approaches to making decisions：决策策略
👉 这里 to 是介词，后面跟动名词 making
例：an approach to solving problems 解决问题的方式
- problems, mistakes, and weaknesses：问题、错误和弱点
- stand in our way：挡住我们的路，成为阻碍
例：Don't let fear stand in your way. 别让恐惧阻碍你。
To succeed, we must embrace all our realities, especially the harsh realities that we wish weren't true.
要成功，我们必须接受我们所有的现实，尤其是那些我们希望不真实的残酷现实。
🔍 词汇解析：
- the harsh realities：残酷的现实
👉 harsh /hɑːrʃ/ cruel, severe and unkind 残酷的；严酷的 - that we wish weren't true. 定语从句，修饰前面的 harsh realities
At first, looking at these harsh realities caused me a lot of pain.
一开始，直面这些残酷的现实让我感到非常痛苦。
🔍 词汇解析：
- look at：注视、面对
- cause /kɔːz/ to make sth happen, especially sth bad or unpleasant 使发生；造成；引起；导致
- a lot of pain：很多痛苦
But I learned that this pain was just psychological, and that my seeing things differently made all the difference.
但是我意识到，这种痛苦只是心理上的，而我换个角度看待事情才真正改变了一切。
🔍 词汇解析：
- psy·cho·logic·al /ˌsaɪkəˈlɑːdʒɪk(ə)l/ connected with a person's mind and the way in which it works心 灵的；心理的
- my seeing things differently：我用不同的角度看待事物
👉 seeing 在这里是动名词作主语 - made all the difference：改变了一切，起决定性作用，使大不相同
I came to view problems like puzzles that would reward me if I could solve them. They would help me deal with the problem at hand, and they would give me principles for dealing with similar problems in the future.
我开始把问题看成像猜谜一样，如果能解开它们，就会得到回报。它们能帮助我处理眼前的问题，也会让我总结出应对未来类似问题的原则。
🔍 词汇解析：
- view problems like puzzles：把问题看作猜谜题
- re·ward /rɪˈwɔːrd/ to give sth to sb because they have done sth good, worked hard, etc. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
- at hand：固定表达，意为 “手头的，当前的，眼前的”
- similar problems：类似的问题
I learned to treat pain as a cue that a great learning opportunity is at hand, which led me to realize that pain plus reflection equals progress.
我学会了把痛苦当作一个信号，表示一次很好的学习机会正在眼前，这使我意识到：痛苦加反思就等于进步。
🔍 词汇解析：
- treat pain as a cue：把痛苦当作一个信号
👉 cue /kjuː/：提示、信号（来自舞台表演用语，表示“该行动了”） - a great learning opportunity：一个很好的学习机会
- be at hand：固定表达，形容 “某件事情（在时间或空间上）很近”
- pain plus reflection equals progress：痛苦 + 反思 = 进步
Meditation has been invaluable in helping me see things that way. I found that when I calmed myself down and embraced my realities, and dealt with them, the rewards brought me pleasure, and the pain faded.
冥想在帮助我以那种方式看待事物方面起到了无价的作用。我发现，当我让自己冷静下来，接受现实并应对现实时，所得到的回报会带来快乐，而痛苦会逐渐消退。
🔍 词汇解析：
- medi·ta·tion /ˌmedɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ 冥想，一种静心、观照内心的练习
- in·valu·able /ɪnˈvæljuəb(ə)l/ extremely useful极有用的；极宝贵的
👉 invaluable 表示 “十分宝贵” 或 “有用”，valuable 的反义词是 valueless 或 worthless - calm oneself down：使自己冷静
- bring sb pleasure：给某人带来了快乐
- the pain fade：痛苦逐渐消退
Each of us has the unique capability to think logically, to reflect on ourselves, and our circumstances, and to direct our own personal evolution.
我们每个人都有独特的能力去进行逻辑思考、反思自己及自身处境，并引导自身的发展与进化。
🔍 词汇解析：
- cap·abil·ity /ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti/ the ability or qualities necessary to do sth 能力；才能
- logically /ˈlɑːdʒɪkli/ 合乎逻辑
- reflect on ourselves：反思自身
- circumstances /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/ the conditions of a person's life 境况；境遇
- dir·ect /dəˈrekt/：引导、指引
- personal evolution：个人成长、蜕变、不断进步的过程
Doing this well is just a matter of following a simple five-step process.
要把这件事做好，其实只需要遵循一个简单的五步流程。
🔍 词汇解析：
- a matter of...：是关于……的事；本质上是……
例：It’s just a matter of time. 那只是时间问题
- a simple five-step process：一个简单的五步流程
We've discussed how important it is to reflect carefully after experiencing pain.
我们已经讨论过：在经历痛苦之后认真反思是多么重要。
🔍 词汇解析：
- how important it is to reflect carefully：认真反思有多重要
👉 这里的 it 是形式主语，to reflect carefully 是真正的主语 - ex·peri·ence /ɪkˈspɪriəns/ to have and be aware of a particular emotion or physical feeling 感受；体会；体验
👉 这里是动名词形式，作介词 after 的宾语
When I did this, I was usually able to discover principles that would prevent me from repeating the same mistakes in the future. And I could see that being successful simply consisted of five steps.
当我这样做的时候，我通常能够发现一些原则，这些原则能帮助我在未来避免重蹈覆辙。而我也意识到，成功其实只包含五个步骤。
🔍 词汇解析：
- prevent sb from doing sth：将会阻止某人去做某事
- repeat the same mistakes：重复同样的错误
- being successful：成功（动名词短语）
- consist of：由……组成
- five steps：五个步骤
Step one is to know your goals and run after them. What is best for you depends on your nature, so you need to really understand yourself and know what you want to achieve in life.
第一步是明确你的目标，并全力以赴去追求它们。什么对你最好，取决于你的天性，因此你需要真正了解自己，知道你在人生中想要实现什么。
🔍 词汇解析：
- know your goals：明确你的目标
- run after：字面是 “追着跑”，引申为 “追求、努力争取”
- your nature：你的本性、性格、天性（如：内向或外向、喜欢逻辑或感性思维等）
Step two is to encounter the problems that stand in the way of getting to your goals. These problems are typically painful. If handled badly, some of them can lead to your ruin. But to evolve, you need to identify those problems and not tolerate them.
第二步是面对阻碍你实现目标的问题。这些问题通常伴随着痛苦。如果处理不当，其中一些可能会导致你的毁灭。但若要成长，你必须识别这些问题，并拒绝容忍它们。
🔍 词汇解析：
- stand in the way of...：阻碍……，挡在……前面
- getting to your goals：实现你的目标；get to：到达
👉 这里 getting 是动名词短语，作介词 of 的宾语 - typ·ic·al·ly /ˈtɪpɪkli/sth usually happens in the way that you are stating 通常；一般
- lead to：导致，引发
- your ruin：你的毁灭、失败、彻底崩溃
- identify those problems：识别这些问题
- tol·er·ate /ˈtɑːləreɪt/ 容忍，忍受
Step three is to diagnose these problems to get at their root causes. Don't jump too quickly to solutions. Take a step back and reflect in order to really distinguish the symptoms from the disease.
第三步是诊断这些问题，以找到它们的根本原因。不要急于跳到解决方案上。退一步，进行反思，真正分清症状和病因的区别。
🔍 词汇解析：
- diagnose /ˈdaɪəɡˌnoʊz/：诊断（常用于医学领域），引申为“分析问题的根源”
- root causes：根本原因，真正导致问题发生的“源头”
- get at：理解
- root causes：根本原因，真正导致问题发生的“源头”
- jump too quickly to solutions：字面意思是 “太快跳到解决方案上”，实际意思是 “太快开始想怎么解决”
- take a step back：后退一步，引申为 “冷静一下、抽身而出，以更高视角看问题”
- dis·tin·guish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ A from B：区分 A 和 B
- symp·tom /ˈsɪmptəm/：症状（表面的表现，如拖延、争吵、财务困难）
- dis·ease /dɪˈziːz/：疾病（根本的原因，比如害怕失败、沟通不良、财务规划混乱）
Step four is to design a plan to eliminate the problems. This is where you will determine what you need to do to get around them.
第四步是设计一个计划来消除这些问题。在这一步，你将决定如何绕开这些问题。
🔍 词汇解析：
- elim·in·ate /ɪˈlɪməˌneɪt/：消除，根除
- get around：绕过，避开（问题）
And step five is to execute those designs, pushing yourself to do what's needed to progress toward your goal. A successful life essentially consists of doing these five steps over and over again.
第五步是执行那些计划，督促自己完成实现目标所需的事情。成功的人生，本质上就是不断重复这五个步骤。
🔍 词汇解析：
- exe·cute /ˈeksɪˌkjuːt/：执行，落实
- push yourself：督促自己，强迫自己努力
- pro·gress /ˈprɑːɡres/：进步，前进
- toward your goal：朝着你的目标前进
This is your personal evolution, and you see this process everywhere. It's just a law of nature.
这就是你个人的进化过程，而且你会在任何地方都能看到这个过程。这不过是大自然的法则。
🔍 词汇解析：
- law of nature：自然法则，自然规律
Think of any product, any organization, or any person you know, and you will see that this is true for them. Evolution is simply a process of either adapting, or dying.
想想你认识的任何产品、组织或个人，你都会发现这对他们同样适用。进化不过是一个适应或消亡的过程。
🔍 词汇解析：
- either... or...：要么……要么……
- adapt：做出改变去适应环境
- die：死亡，消亡
Conceptually, it looks just like the five-step process I've described. As you push through this often painful process, you'll naturally ascend to higher and higher levels of success.
从概念上讲，这看起来就像我之前描述的五步过程。当你坚持经历这个常常痛苦的过程时，你自然会攀升到越来越高的成功层次。
🔍 词汇解析：
- conceptually /kənˈseptʃuəli/ 概念上
- push through：克服，挺过去，排除困难办好某事
- as·cend /əˈsend/：to rise; to go up; to climb up 上升；升高
I found that when I did it better, my struggling never became easier, because the more capable I became, the greater the challenges I would take on.
我发现，当我做得更好时，挣扎并没有变得更轻松，因为我变得越有能力，承担的挑战也就越大。
🔍 词汇解析：
- struggling：挣扎，努力克服困难
- the greater the challenges I would take on：我承担的挑战也越大
👉 take on 承担或处理某项任务或责任
Because different people are strong and weak at different things, most people can't do all five steps well.
因为每个人在不同的方面有强项和弱项，所以大多数人无法把这五个步骤都做得很好。
🔍 词汇解析：
- strong at：擅长某事，有优势
- weak at：不擅长某事，有弱点
Not facing this reality means you could stretch further than you should. And as the heights get greater, your falls could also be greater.
不面对这个现实，意味着你可能会过度挑战自己。而随着高度变高，跌倒的风险也会更大。
🔍 词汇解析：
- Not facing this reality：不面对这个现实
- stretch further than you should：直译是 “拉伸得比你应该的更远”，引申为 “超出自己能力范围”，“承担过多压力或责任”
- as the heights get greater：随着高度变高
- falls：跌倒，失败
Sometimes terrible things happen to all of us in life. They can ruin us, or they can profoundly improve us, depending on how we handle them. Something like this happened to me in 1982.
有时候，生活中糟糕的事情都会发生在我们每个人身上。这些事情可能毁掉我们，也可能深刻地改善我们，这取决于我们如何应对它们。类似的事情发生在我身上，是在1982年。
🔍 词汇解析：
- happen to all of us：发生在我们所有人身上
- pro·found·ly /prəˈfaʊndli/ in a way that has a very great effect on sb/sth 极大地；深刻地
We progress forward until we encounter setbacks.
我们不断前进，直到遇到挫折。
🔍 词汇解析：
- for·ward /ˈfɔːrwərd/ 向前
- set·back /ˈsetbæk/ a difficulty or problem that delays or prevents sth 挫折；阻碍
Whether or not we get out of them and continue forward or spiral downward depends on whether or not we're willing to face the failure objectively, and make the right decisions to turn the loop upward again.
我们是否能够摆脱挫折继续前进，还是会陷入不断恶化的恶性循环，取决于我们是否愿意客观看待失败，并做出正确的决定，使循环重新向上。
🔍 词汇解析：
- get out of：摆脱、走出
- continue forward：继续前进
- spiral downward：螺旋式下滑
- be willing to： 愿意做某事
- objectively： 客观地
- turn the loop upward：比喻让恶性循环变成良性循环，情况开始好转
Something terrible happened to me in 1982, when I bet everything on a depression that never came.
1982年，我经历了一件糟糕的事情——我把所有赌注押在了一场从未到来的经济萧条上。
🔍 词汇解析：
- bet everything on：押上全部在......上
- de·pres·sion /dɪˈpreʃ(ə)n/ 经济衰退
The period between 1979 and 19821 was one of extreme turbulence, for the global economy, the markets, and for me. And I believed that the US economy, with the world economy tied to it, was headed toward a catastrophe.
1979年至1982年这段时期，是全球经济、市场以及我个人经历极度动荡的时期。我相信美国经济，连带着全球经济，正走向一场灾难。
🔍 词汇解析：
- tur·bu·lence /ˈtɜːrbjələns/ 动荡、不稳定
- the global economy/the world economy：全球经济
- with … tied to it：……与其相连、挂钩
- be headed toward：被领到……方向
- ca·tas·trophe /kəˈtæstrəfi/ 灾难；灾祸
This view was extremely controversial. I wanted the great upside, and very publicly took a big risk and was wrong, dead wrong.
这个观点极具争议。我渴望巨大的成功机会，并且公开承担了巨大的风险，但我错了，完全错了。
🔍 词汇解析：
- con·tro·ver·sial /ˌkɑːntrəˈvɜːrʃ(ə)l/ causing a lot of angry public discussion and disagreement引起争论的；有争议的
- up·side /ˈʌpsaɪd/：the more positive aspect of a situation that is generally bad（糟糕局面的）好的一面，光明的一面，正面
- dead wrong：完全错误，大错特错
After a delay, the stock market began a big bull market that lasted 18 years, and the US economy enjoyed the greatest growth period in its history.
经过一段延迟后，股市开始了一场持续了18年的牛市，美国经济经历了其历史上最辉煌的增长期。
🔍 词汇解析：
- a delay： 一段延迟期
- the stock market：股市
- bull market：牛市，指股票价格普遍上涨的时期
- the greatest growth period：最辉煌的增长期
- in its history：在其历史上
This experience was like a blow to my head with a baseball bat. I had to cut my losses so that my company, Bridgewater, was left with one employee, me.
这次经历就像被棒球棒狠狠打了一下头。我不得不止损，结果我的公司桥水基金只剩下一个员工，我自己。
🔍 词汇解析：
- a blow to my head with a baseball bat：用棒球棒击打我的头部
- cut losses：减少损失，避免亏损扩大
I was so broke, I had to borrow $4,000 from my dad to pay my bills.
我当时非常穷，甚至不得不向爸爸借了4000美元来付账单。
🔍 词汇解析：
- broke 是口语中形容 “没钱” 的意思
- pay my bills：用来支付我的账单
👉 这里指日常生活或工作需要支付的费用
But even worse was having to let go the people I cared so much about.
但更糟糕的是，我不得不让那些我非常关心的人离开。
🔍 词汇解析：
- let go：本意是 “放手，放开”，这里指 “让某人离开”，“解雇员工”
- the people I cared so much about：那些我非常关心的人
I wondered whether I should give up my dream of working for myself and play it safe by working for someone else in a job that would require me to put on a tie and commute everyday.
我曾经想过，是不是应该放弃自己创业的梦想，选择一份为别人工作的安全职业，那个工作需要我每天打领带上下班。
🔍 词汇解析：
- give up my dream of working for myself：放弃自己创业的梦想
- play it safe：采取安全策略，选择更稳妥的办法
- put on a tie：打领带。比喻正式、传统的办公室工作
- com·mute /kəˈmjuːt/ 通勤，从家到工作的往返路程
Though I knew that for me, taking less risk would mean having a less great life. Being so wrong, and especially being so publicly wrong, was painfully humbling.
虽然我知道对我来说，冒险少一点就意味着生活不会那么精彩。犯这么大的错，尤其是在众人面前犯错，真是让我深感羞愧。
🔍 词汇解析：
- a less great life：不那么精彩、成功或有意义的生活
- humbling /ˈhʌmblɪŋ/ 让人感到羞愧的
I am still shocked and embarrassed by how arrogant I was in being totally confident in a totally incorrect view.
我仍然感到震惊和羞愧，因为我当时竟然如此自大地对一个完全错误的观点充满自信。
🔍 词汇解析：
- em·bar·rassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ 窘迫的，尴尬的
- ar·ro·gant /ˈærəɡənt/ 傲慢的；自大的
Though I had been right much more than I had been wrong, I let one bad bet erase all my good ones.
虽然我之前对的远远多于错的，但我却让一次错误的押注抹去了我所有的成功。
🔍 词汇解析：
- one bad bet：一次错误的押注
- erase /ɪˈreɪs/ 抹去，消除
I thought very hard about the relationship between risk and reward, and how to manage them.
我认真思考了风险和回报之间的关系，以及如何管理它们。
🔍 词汇解析：
- the relationship between risk and reward：风险和回报之间的关系
- man·age /ˈmænɪdʒ/：管理，控制
But I couldn't see a path forward that would give me the rewards I wanted without unacceptable risk.
但是我看不到一条能让我获得想要回报且风险可接受的前进道路。
🔍 词汇解析：
- a path forward：一条前进的道路，这里指的是解决问题或前进的方向、途径
- the rewards I wanted：我想要的回报
- unacceptable risk：不可接受的风险
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