【逐句精讲YouTube影片学英文】巴勃罗·毕加索的蓝色和玫瑰时期🎨 从艺术故事中学习地道英文表达
Pablo Picasso's Blue and Rose Period
透过讲述毕加索（Pablo Picasso）“蓝色时期”和“玫瑰时期”的 YouTube 影片，学习艺术相关的英文词汇与表达！我们将带你逐句解析影片内容，深入了解毕加索的创作背景与情感转变，同时提升你的英文听力与口语能力。
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It's 1901, and a 20-year old Pablo Picasso begins painting beggars, drunks, and hospital patients.
那是1901年，20岁的巴勃罗·毕加索（Pablo Picasso）开始画乞丐、醉汉和医院病人。
beggar /ˈbeɡər/ a person who lives by asking people for money or food乞丐；叫花子
drunk /drʌŋk/ a person who is drunk or who often gets drunk醉汉；酒鬼；酗酒者
The subjects are all sorrowful, which isn't uncommon.
主题都是悲伤的，这并不罕见。
subject /ˈsʌbdʒekt/ a thing or person that is being discussed, described or dealt with 主题；题目；话题；题材
sorrowful /ˈsɑːroʊfl/ very sad 悲伤的；悲痛的；悲哀的
uncommon /ʌnˈkɑːmən/ not existing in large numbers or in many places不常有的；罕见的
What does stand out however, is that they are cloaked in blue, all shades of it.
然而，真正引人注目的是，它们披着各种深浅不一的蓝色衣服。
stand out 显眼，突出
cloak /kloʊk/ dress in a cloak 给...披斗篷
shade /ʃeɪd/ ~ (of sth) a particular form of a colour, that is, how dark or light it is 浓淡深浅；色度
- a delicate/pale/rich/soft shade of red淡╱浅╱艳╱柔和的红色
A few years later, this melancholic blue palette falls back and warm shades pink and orange take over.
几年后，忧郁的蓝色调逐渐消退，暖色调的粉色和橙色占据了主导地位。
melancholic /ˌmelənˈkɑːlɪk/ ( old-fashioned) ( literary) feeling or expressing sadness, especially when the sadness is like an illness 忧郁的；忧郁症的
palette /ˈpælət/ 一组颜色
fall back 后退，回落
warm shade 温暖的颜色，暖色调
take over 接管
This time, the subjects depicted are acrobats, artists and circus performers from the three permanent circuses near Montmartre, where Picasso lived at the time.
这一次，描绘的主题是来自蒙马特附近三个常设马戏团的杂技演员、艺术家和马戏团演员，当时毕加索就住在那里。
depict /dɪˈpɪkt/ to show an image of sb/sth in a picture描绘；描画
acrobat /ˈækrəbæt/ 杂技演员
circus performer 马戏表演者：在马戏团中表演各种技巧的人，如杂技、魔术、动物驯养等。
Montmartre 蒙马特（地名：法国巴黎地区的一处高地）
These two periods will be known as Picasso's most pivotal ones, his Blue and Roseperiod.
这两个时期被称为毕加索最关键的时期，即他的蓝色时期和玫瑰色时期。
pivotal /ˈpɪvət(ə)l/ of great importance because other things depend on it 关键性的；核心的
拓展例句：
- a pivotal role in European affairs 在欧洲事务中的关键作用
Born in Málaga, Spain, Pablo Picasso demonstrated incredible artistic talent at the young age of 7.
巴勃罗·毕加索出生于西班牙马拉加，7岁时就展现出了令人难以置信的艺术天赋。
demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ ~ sth (to sb)to show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence 证明；证实；论证；说明
artistic talent 艺术天赋
His father — Jose Ruiz — who was a painter and a professor of art provided him with formal artistic training.
他的父亲何塞·鲁伊斯（Jose Ruiz）是一名画家和艺术教授，为他提供了正规的艺术训练。
artistic training 艺术训练：指接受各种艺术形式的训练，如绘画、音乐、舞蹈等。
Upon coming across one of Picasso's paintings that he had done over his father's sketch of a pigeon, Ruiz felt his 13-year-old son's advanced technique had already surpassed him.
当鲁伊斯看到毕加索在父亲的鸽子素描上创作的一幅画时，他觉得自己 13 岁的儿子的绘画技巧早已超越了他。
Upon = on
come across 遇到
sketch /sketʃ/ a simple picture that is drawn quickly and does not have many details 素描；速写；草图
pigeon /ˈpɪdʒɪn/ 鸽子
advanced technique 先进技术
surpass /sərˈpæs/ to do or be better than sb/sth 超过；胜过；优于
He was then admitted into the School of Fine Arts in Barcelona.
随后他被巴塞罗那美术学院录取。
be admitted into 被录取进入
the School of Fine Arts 美术学院
Barcelona /ˌbɑːrsəˈloʊnə/ 巴塞罗纳（西班牙）
Younger and more passionate than his classmates, he enrolled in Advanced classes.
他比同学更年轻，也更热情，因此报名参加高级班。
enroll in 加入，参加，报名参加
There, he made friends with a group of modernist artists, writers, and poets including Carlos Casagemas — a Catalan painter and poet.
在那里，他结识了一群现代主义艺术家、作家和诗人，其中包括加泰罗尼亚画家和诗人卡洛斯·卡萨吉玛斯。
make friends with 与某人交朋友
modernist artists 现代主义艺术家
poet /ˈpoʊət/ a person who writes poems 诗人
They quickly grew close.
他们很快就走得很近了。
grow /ɡroʊ/ to begin to have a particular quality or feeling over a period of time逐渐变得；逐渐成为
grow close 变得亲近
He accompanied Picasso to Paris for the World's Fair in 1900.
1900 年，他陪同毕加索去巴黎参加世界博览会。
accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ to travel or go somewhere with sb 陪同；陪伴
the World's Fair 世界博览会
There, he fell in love with Germaine Gargallo, who ultimately rejected his affections.
在那里，他爱上了杰曼·加加洛，后者最终拒绝了他的感情。
ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ in the end; finally 最终；最后；终归
Disheartened, Casagemas committed suicide at the Hippodrome Cafe in Paris after first attempting to kill Germaine.
心灰意冷的卡萨吉马斯在第一次试图杀死日耳曼后，在巴黎的竞技场咖啡馆自杀。
disheartened /dɪsˈhɑːrt(ə)nd/ 沮丧的；灰心的
suicide /ˈsuːɪsaɪd/ the act of killing yourself deliberately 自杀
attempting an act of trying to do sth, especially sth difficult, often with no success 企图；试图；尝试
Picasso was in Barcelona when he heard about the death of his best friend.
当毕加索在巴塞罗那时，他听说了他最好的朋友去世的消息。
He returned to Paris and decided to stay in Casagemas's apartment, and began a relationship with Germaine.
他回到巴黎， 决定留在卡萨吉马斯的公寓里，并开始与日耳曼建立关系。
Grief-stricken, Picasso became depressed.
悲痛欲绝的毕加索变得沮丧。
grief-stricken /ˈɡriːf strɪkən/ feeling extremely sad because of sth that has happened, especially the death of sb（尤因某人的去世而）极度悲伤的，悲痛欲绝的
depressed /dɪˈprest/ very sad and without hope 抑郁的；沮丧的；意志消沉的
Perhaps due to the feelings of guilt over having abandoned his friend in his darkest hours, or betrayal of now being with the woman who broke his heart.
也许是因为在最黑暗的时刻抛弃朋友而产生的内疚感，或者是因为现在和那个伤他心的女人在一起而产生的背叛感。
due to 由于，因为
feelings of guilt 内疚感
over having abandoned 因为放弃了 over在这里表示“because of or concerning sth; about sth 由于；关于
拓展例句：
- an argument over money 为了钱的争吵
darkest dark的最高级，表示“unpleasant and without any hope that sth good will happen忧郁的；不快的；无望的”
拓展例句：
- the darkest days of Fascism 法西斯统治下最黑暗的日子
betrayal /bɪˈtreɪəl/ the act of betraying sb/sth or the fact of being betrayed（被）背叛，出卖
This marked the beginning of the Blue Period.
这标志着蓝色时期的开始。
mark /mɑːk/ to be a sign that sth new is going to happen 是…的迹象；成为…的征兆；表明
拓展例句：
- This speech may mark a change in government policy. 这篇演讲表明政府的政策可能会有变化。
His theme grew somber and dark, and he began creating essentially monochromatic paintings in the many hues of blue.
他的主题变得阴沉和黑暗，他开始用多种蓝色色调创作基本上单色的画作。
monochromatic /ˌmɑːnəkroʊˈmætɪk/ containing or using only one colour 单色的，一色的
hue /hjuː/ a particular shade of a colour 色度；色调
The works in this period depict subjects under unfortunate circumstances, in scenes of poverty, loneliness, and despair.
这一时期的作品描绘了不幸境遇中的主体，以及贫穷、孤独和绝望的场景。
depict /dɪˈpɪkt/ to show an image of sb/sth in a picture 描绘；描画
under /ˈʌndər/ experiencing a particular process 在…过程中
unfortunate circumstance /ʌnˈfɔːrtʃənət ˈsɝkəmˌstəns/ 不幸的情况
scene a painting, drawing, or photograph of a place and the things that are happening there 表现…景色的绘画（或摄影）作品；以…风情为题材的绘画（或摄影）作品
拓展例句：
- an exhibition of Parisian street scenes 巴黎街景绘画作品展
poverty /ˈpɑːvərti/ the state of being poor 贫穷；贫困
despair /dɪˈsper/ the feeling of having lost all hope 绝望
These images have an air of melancholy.
这些图像带有一种忧郁的气氛。
air /er/ the particular feeling or impression that is given by sb/sth; the way sb does sth 感觉；印象；神情
melancholy /ˈmelənkɑːli/ a deep feeling of sadness that lasts for a long time and often cannot be explained 忧郁；伤悲
拓展例句：
- A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
That is evident.
这是显而易见的。
evident /ˈevɪdənt/ clear; easily seen 清楚的；显而易见的；显然的
But also a deep gravity.
但也有很强的庄重感。
deep /diːp/ strongly felt 强烈的；深切的；衷心的
拓展例句：
- a deep sense of loss 强烈的失落感
gravity /ˈɡrævəti/ serious behaviour, speech or appearance 严肃；庄严
Despite the individuals' troubling circumstances, they exude a strong sense of dignity.
尽管这些人的处境艰难，但他们却表现出强烈的尊严感。
troubling circumstance 令人担忧的情况
exude /ɪɡˈzuːd/ if you exude a particular feeling or quality, or it exudes from you, people can easily see that you have it 流露，显露（感觉或品质）；（感觉或品质）显现
拓展例句：
- She exuded confidence. 她显得信心十足。
sense of dignity 尊严感
Picasso elongated the subjects' forms, endowing them with a unique sense of enticing allure and grace.
毕加索拉长了主题的形态，赋予它们独特的诱人魅力和优雅感。
elongate /ɪˈlɔːŋɡeɪt/ to become longer; to make sth longer（使）变长，伸长；拉长
enticing /ɪnˈtaɪsɪŋ/ so attractive and interesting that you want to have it or know more about it 有诱惑力的；诱人的；有吸引力的
拓展例句：
- The offer was too enticing to refuse. 这提议太有诱惑力，使人难以拒绝。
allure /əˈlʊr/ the quality of being attractive and exciting 诱惑力；引诱力；吸引力
grace /ɡreɪs/ an attractive quality of movement that is smooth, elegant and controlled 优美；优雅
Picasso's Blue period is very popular with the general public today…but not back then.
毕加索的蓝色时期如今非常受大众欢迎......但在当时却并非如此。
back then 当时：指过去的某个时间点或时期。
He wasn't yet the famous artist we all know.
他还不是我们熟知的著名艺术家。
yet /jet/ used in negative sentences and questions to talk about sth that has not happened but that you expect to happen 用于否定句和疑问句，谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事
拓展例句：
- I haven't received a letter from him yet. 我还没有收到他的信呢。
At the time, he had difficulty selling them.
当时，他很难卖出这些产品。
He even re-used canvases, painting over them several times due to lack of funds.
由于缺乏资金，他甚至重复使用画布，并在上面画了好几遍。
canvas /ˈkænvəs/ a piece of canvas used for painting on; a painting done on a piece of canvas , using oil paints（帆布）画布；油画
lack of funds 资金不足
These profound images are Picasso's multi-layered response to the social and political events around him, addressing symbolic, philosophical, and humanitarian themes.
这些深刻的图像是毕加索对周围社会和政治事件的多层次回应，涉及象征、哲学和人道主义主题。
profound /prəˈfaʊnd/ showing great knowledge or understanding 知识渊博的；理解深刻的；深邃的
multi-layered 多层次
address /əˈdres/ to think about a problem or a situation and decide how you are going to deal with it 设法解决；处理；对付
拓展例句：
- Your essay does not address the real issues. 你的论文没有论证实质问题。
symbolic /sɪmˈbɑːlɪk/ ~ (of sth)containing symbols, or being used as a symbol 使用象征的；作为象征的；象征性的
philosophical /ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪk(ə)l/ connected with philosophy 哲学的
humanitarian /hjuːˌmænɪˈteriən/ concerned with reducing suffering and improving the conditions that people live in 人道主义的（主张减轻人类苦难、改善人类生活）；慈善的
The most celebrated piece from this period is this 6-foot painting - "La Vie." It's a bit puzzling at first glance.
这一时期最著名的作品是这幅 6 英尺高的画作《生活》。乍一看有点令人费解。
celebrated /ˈselɪbreɪtɪd/ famous for having good qualities 著名的；闻名的；驰名的
puzzling /ˈpʌzlɪŋ/ 令人迷惑的，令人费解的
at first glance 乍一看，初看起来
There are many subjects that the eye wants to look at.
有很多眼睛想看的对象。
subject /ˈsʌbdʒekt/ a person or thing that is the main feature of a picture or photograph, or that a work of art is based on 表现对象；绘画（或拍摄）题材
拓展例句：
- Classical landscapes were a popular subject with many 18th century painters.古典风景画是18世纪许多画家所喜欢用的题材。
A spectrum of dusty, dark blues saturate the subjects.
土灰深蓝色使表现对象饱和起来。
spectrum /ˈspektrəm/ 光谱
dusty /ˈdʌsti/ ( of a colour颜色 ) not bright; dull 土灰色的；灰暗的；无光泽的
dusty, dark blues 土灰深蓝色
saturate /ˈsætʃəreɪt/ ~ sth/sb (with/in sth)to fill sth/sb completely with sth so that it is impossible or useless to add any more 使充满；使饱和
拓展例句：
- The company had saturated the market for personal organizers (= so that no new buyers could be found) . 那家公司的产品已使电子记事簿市场饱和
We can see a man, women, and a child.
我们可以看到男人、女人、孩子。
A naked couple stands on the left facing a mother holding a child in her arms.
一对赤身裸体的夫妇站在左边，面对着怀里抱着孩子的母亲。
In the background, two girls are seated holding onto one another.
背景中，两个女孩互相依偎在一起坐着。
hold onto one another 紧紧抓住彼此
Just below them, sits another naked figure, her head between her knees, as her hair pours down onto her shins.
就在他们下方， 坐着另一个裸体的人，她的头在膝盖之间， 头发垂到小腿上。
figure /ˈfɪɡjər/ a person of the type mentioned 人物；人士
拓展例句：
- a political figure 政治人物
pour /pɔːr/ ( of liquid, smoke, light, etc.液体、烟、光等 ) to flow quickly in a continuous stream 涌流；倾泻；喷发
shin /ʃɪn/ Your shins are the front parts of your legs between your knees and your ankles. 胫，小腿
The male figure here, is modeled after Picasso's late friend, an homage to Casagemas.
这里的男性形象是以毕加索已故的朋友为原型，以向卡萨吉玛斯致敬。
model sth on/after sth to make sth so that it looks, works, etc. like sth else 模仿；仿照
拓展例句：
- The country's parliament is modelled on the British system. 这个国家的议会是模仿英国的体制建立的。
late friend 已故的朋友：指已经去世的朋友。
homage /ˈhɑːmɪdʒ/ ~ (to sb/sth) ( formal ) something that is said or done to show respect for sb 敬辞；表示敬意的举动
拓展例句：
- He describes his book as ‘a homage to my father’. 他说他的书是“献给父亲”的。
He is standing upright with a peaceful look on his face.
他站得笔直，脸上带着安详的表情。
upright /ˈʌpraɪt/ ( of a person人 ) not lying down, and with the back straight rather than bent 直立的；挺直的
His left leg is stepping forward and his finger is making a pointing gesture towards the mother and the child, as if to point forward to a future where he could have a family, a child and a loving mother.
他的左腿向前迈出，手指指向母亲和孩子，仿佛指向未来，那时他将拥有一个家庭、一个孩子和一个慈爱的母亲。
step forward 走出，向前进；站出来
make a pointing gesture 做一个指向的手势
What might have been.
可能会发生什么。
In this reality, he is not a passive subject that goes unnoticed, but an active one.
在这个现实中，他不是一个不被注意的被动主体，而是一个主动的主体。
passive /ˈpæsɪv/ accepting what happens or what people do without trying to change anything or oppose them 消极的；被动的
go unnoticed 未被察觉的，不为人知的
Picasso gave his friend love, a devoted female leaning against him, finally giving him a happy ending.
毕加索给了他的朋友爱， 一个忠贞不渝的女人靠在他身上，终于给了他一个幸福的结局。
devoted /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/ ~ (to sb/sth)having great love for sb/sth and being loyal to them 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的
lean against 靠在某物上作为支撑而坐或站：指身体倾斜并靠在某物上，以获得支撑或平衡。
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